- Composting breaks down plant materials so their nutrients are available for use by other plants. Compost also improves the physical characteristics of the soil, loosening it and improving the soil texture and drainage. Compost used on the soil surface acts as a mulch layer. Below the surface it acts as a slow-release organic fertilizer and soil conditioner so that the garden requires less chemical fertilizers.
- Every type of soil benefits from the addition of compost. It improves the physical soil properties, creating air space and loosening the soil. Sandy soils benefit from the increased water-holding capability of compost. The soil doesn't dry out as fast, reducing drought problems. Clay soils benefit from increased aeration and improved drainage. The clay particles bind to the larger compost pieces, increasing the grain size and allowing more room for air to penetrate the soil.
- Compost also improves the chemical properties of soil, acting as a buffer to help control and stabilize soil pH. Compost helps hold the soil pH in the optimum range for the absorption of nutrients by the plants.
- Mix compost into your potting soil at a ratio of 1/4 to 1/2 the total volume in your potting mix for container-grown plants. Container plants benefit from the ability of compost to retain moisture and deliver nutrients to the plant. If the particle sizes are too large, sift the compost, using a fine grain size for starting seeds and larger particles for mature plants.
- Compost tea is a good starter fertilizer for starting seeds and transplanting. Fill a burlap or cotton sack with compost and tie it closed. Place the sack into a bucket and cover it with water. Allow the tea to steep for several days, agitating the bag occasionally. Spray compost tea on foliage and use it to water young plants. You can make several batches of compost tea from each bag of compost, then add the used compost directly onto the garden soil.
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