- Peptic ulcers are usually caused by an infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria or by medications that weaken the stomach or duodenal lining. These medications include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen or aspirin, and corticosteroids.
- A peptic ulcer usually feels like burning, gnawing or aching pain anywhere from the navel to the breastbone. This pain can last a few minutes to several hours, and typically is worse when the stomach is empty.
- The person may experience pain over a few weeks, once or several times a day. At this point the pain may gradually disappear, then develop again within a year or two.
- Bleeding ulcers can have signs of tarry black stools or vomiting blood. A perforated ulcer, or an ulcer that penetrates further than the upper layer of the lining, causes sudden intense pain throughout the abdomen. This condition is a medical emergency.
- Treatment for most ulcers includes medicines to reduce stomach acid, such as proton pump inhibitors. If the ulcer is caused by H. pylori bacteria, antibiotics are also prescribed. Bismuth medications can help relieve symptoms and also kill some of the bacteria.