- Any septic system that has been altered, in any way, 30 days prior to testing is not eligible for a dye test. Alterations include pumping the system or tank maintenance. The home inspector should also verify that the septic system was installed with the approval of the proper authorities. Checking the system includes looking at the interior plumbing, checking water flow and flushing toilets on the lowest level for signs of back up.
- Once the system has been assessed, fluorescent dye is added to tub and sink drains. Dyes usually come in two types: uranine, which has a greenish-yellow tint, and becomes active when exposed to light or heat; and rhodamine B, which is reddish in color. Rhodamine B can be a carcinogen. If you think there may be separate plumbing connections, it's helpful to use different color dyes for each fixture.
- The volume of water introduced as a stress indicator is determined by the size of the home, number of bedrooms and whether there are any low-flow plumbing fixtures being used. Start by turning on every available sink and tub faucet. Standard rates are between 3 and 5 gallons per minute or 50 to 75 gallons per bedroom. If there are any other large water usage items like whirlpools, add an extra 50 gallons.
- If the system cannot handle the sudden increase in water, the dye will appear in the leaching field, or the area around the septic tank, in other plumbing fixtures like toilets, or ditches near the home. You should also check for water on adjacent property and in the basement. Afterwards, a written report is issued, detailing the flow rate, total volume of flow and the point of introduction of the dye.
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